Nanomaterials Renewable Energy Production and Storage

Question: Discuss about the Nanomaterials Renewable Energy Production and Storage. Answer: Introduction: In todays world, the issue of environmental conservation has assumed great importance, so much so that December 14th is also being declared as the World Energy Conservation Day, meant for raising awareness among the masses (Brugnano et al. 2015). Coal, fossil fuels, oil or natural gas have been widely used in the last decades, for the production of energy, and consequently, these being the non-renewable sources of energy have been becoming scarce over the years. Since the non-renewable sources of energy take thousands of years for formation, the over-exploitation of these sources is no longer accepted as a discreet idea. Although during the earlier times, wood was being used as the chief source of energy, since the 19th century, in the post-industrialization phase, the demand for coal and petroleum products increased, and consequently the overall global pattern of energy consumption has increased. With the increasing rate of population, the per capita consumption of energy has also i ncreased at a steady rate, and the global consumption has in fact witnessed an increase by 2.3% in 2012-13 (Costa and Kahn 2013). As a result, organizations such as International Energy Agency (IEA), have been emphasizing the importance of reducing energy consumption, consequent upon which, different nations have been encouraging the use of energy efficient tube lights, the use of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), instead of LPG, for running the vehicles. The objective of this report is to analyze and discuss how the over-utilization of energy has created a huge crisis in the supply of power, and what alternative measures are being used in the rural as well as the urban parts of the world, for getting rid of the problem. The report intends to evaluate the importance as well as the means of improving energy efficiency, and also the challenges and risks associated with the implementation of the innovation technologies. The report primarily relies on the use of the statistical data, as collected in the official reports and environmental research studies, of different countries, such as USA, Australia, UK, Saudi Arabia, Russia and India. Although it is a widely accepted fact that the large-scale use of renewable and alternative sources of energy can considerably mitigate the problem of energy scarcity, the world is indeed encountering various challenges in the process of ensuring a sustainable energy future. Most of the challenges associated with this, emerge because of the lack of infrastructure especially in the rural and interior areas of the countries, a strong sense of apathy and lack of awareness among the masses, to conserve, and a striking rise in the population (Hannon 2013). Hence, in order to combat this problem, the invention of solar heaters, solar cookers, non-petroleum technologies have been encouraged by the environmentalists, although the expense involved with the same, continues to impede the growth of such products in the rural settings. Energy Production in the Past and Evolution of the Production of Energy: During the past that is in the pre-industrialization period the energy demands of the people was indeed low. The major reason behind the same is that the sun could satisfy the needs of the heat, while the water and the wind could be used for the operation of different machines. Again, the power of the wind in the sails could easily help in the transportation of the people. However, once the Industrial Revolution took place, the demand of per capita energy started increasing two times, with every passing 10 years (Hadar and Davis 2014). With the massive production of cheap automobiles, the consumption of gasoline started growing at an unchecked rate. Further, just after the World War II, as many as 200 nuclear power plants were being planned, in countries such as the USA, and this indeed led to the increased demand for energy (Kopanos et al. 2013). With the industrialization of nations, the consumption rate of energy had also increased. However, it is equally worth mentioning that the over-dependence on the fossil fuels has hastened the depletion of the non-renewable resources. Hence, the alternative and renewable sources of energy are also being invented, which if not largely, is being considerably popular among the consumers. The PV solar power technology, for instance harnesses the solar energy, for the production of electricity. Since approximately 65% of the electric energy used by the world, is being produced by burning fossil fuels, that at once threatens the exhaustion of the non-renewable source of energy as well as the global climate, the alternative to fossil fuel plants, is being commonly used worldwide (Chen et al. 2012). Diversity of the Energy Production and Its Application: The energy is used not solely for the purpose of power generation, but also for watching television, using computers, taking a shower or even cooking. Besides, energy is also used globally for the residential, professional as well as transformational purposes. The wind energy is being used for powering the sailing ships, whiles the geothermal energy, as a substitute to fossil fuels, is being, nowadays used for powering millions of homes (Rodrguez et al. 2015). Again, the hydroelectric power energy and the biomass energy are also being extensively used for electricity generation and transportation purposes. Challenges to the Consistent Supply of Power: Although the present world is largely dependent on power and energy, for day-to-day operation of modern life, it is needless to state here that over-utilization of these sources can pose a serious threat to the future availability of these resources. The natural resources such as Coal or Petroleum take thousands of years for formation, and hence they fail to be replaced in the same pace in which they are being consumed. With the economic growth of a country, the demand for the fossil fuels has also been increasing. According to the recent findings of the Statistical Review of World Energy 2015, the consumption of natural gas and coal has increased by 0.4%, while the overall consumption of the oil has witnessed a steady increase of 0.8% in the last years (Acar and Dincer 2014). Besides, according to the report, the consumption of global hydro electric power has also been increasing by the rate of 2%, while that of the nuclear power has been increasing at the rate of 1.8% (Twidwell and Weir 2016). For increasing comfort and for facilitating economic activities, the non-renewable sources of power have been extensively used, which is sure to impede its supply in the future. Besides, the change in the climate and global warming has been affecting the power sector in an adverse way as well. Besides, the greenhouse gas effect of the non-renewable sources of energy should not be ignored in this context. In fact, the carbon emissions causing depletion of the ozone layer, climate change, global warming is caused by the excessive use of the non-renewable sources of energy. It is a well-known fact that some of the gases, produced while burning the fossil fuels, such as Methane, are toxic that pollutes the air, while gases such as the sulphur dioxide can potentially causes Acid Rain (Salim et al. 2014). Technological Innovation in the Production of Power: Energy is a key component in the life of every individual, and in fact, it has major socio-economic bearings. Hence, different alternatives of power production are being employed in present times. For the purpose of ensuring uninterrupted supply of water, the use of renewable and more innovative sources of energy are being used. In the tropical regions of the world, the renewable sources of energy, such as the solar heater and the solar cookers are being used. With the help of a variety of parabolic mirrors, as well as the sun-tracking devices, the solar heaters and solar cookers are being used for the purpose of heating the water, heating as well as cooling of the buildings, refrigeration, cooking and pumping. Besides, the use of car-pools, or the energy efficient appliances and lights, can help in the significant reduction of global energy consumption. The Window Socket, is a solar charger, that extracts the solar heat, and consequently helps in charging phones, laptops, or anythin g, without the need of using electricity (Richter 2013). The liquid metal batteries, the wind turbines, have been largely used in reducing the per capital consumption of energy in the modern world (Chu and Majumdar 2012). The high rate of fuel consumption has remained a major problem in the urban areas of the world, and hence improving the vehicle fuel efficiency is highly important. In this regard, the invention of the plug-in electric cars is worth mentioning, as these cars do not run on gasoline, but on much cheaper electric motors, that in turn, rely on the use of renewable electric energy. Challenges Associated with New Technology: One major challenge associated with the New Technology lies in the fact, that the alternative sources of energy is able to satisfy a mere 7% energy needs of the global community (Wolsink 2012). In other words, the fossil fuels along with nuclear energy, is responsible for supplying 93% of the global energy needs (Hargreaves et al. 2013). Besides, although the renewable energy technologies may employ innovative methods for ensuring future sustainability, the application for these implies greater investment and better infrastructure. For example, the potential wind sites are highly unpredictable, and their functioning capacity must be well-monitored, before the application of the new technology. Again, sufficient training must be imparted to the workers, for the effective installation, operation as well as the maintenance of the new technologies. The organizations will be required to hire well-informed employees, who must be aware of the operating experience required for handling these innovative sources of power, such as the wind turbines. Besides, educating the public about the benefits of using renewable sources of power, or products using the same, is important. Otherwise, owing to the low production volumes of the products based on the new technology, the price of the products will remain high, that will affect the sale and profitability of the products (Ghaffour et al. 2014). Conclusion: To summarize it all, it can be said that since the non-renewable resources are subject to exhaustion owing to regular use, new technology should be embraced. The hydroelectric energy, biomass energy or the ocean energy should be used as these are the clean sources of energy that barely leaves any waste element, contaminating the environment. The federal government of different nations have been offering incentives for the use of renewable sources of energy, consequent upon which the average use of non-hydroelectric and biomass energy has been increasing at a steady rate in the USA and other countries. Hence, greater innovation is needed in the field of renewable sources of power through the production of green power, fuel cells, and solar panels that can easily supplement the complete or at least partial need of power. Reference List: Acar, C. and Dincer, I., 2014. Comparative assessment of hydrogen production methods from renewable and non-renewable sources.International journal of hydrogen energy,39(1), pp.1-12. Brugnano, L., Caccia, G.F. and Iavernaro, F., 2015. Energy conservation issues in the numerical solution of the semilinear wave equation.Applied Mathematics and Computation,270, pp.842-870. Chen, X., Li, C., Grtzel, M., Kostecki, R. and Mao, S.S., 2012. Nanomaterials for renewable energy production and storage.Chemical Society Reviews,41(23), pp.7909-7937. Chu, S. and Majumdar, A., 2012. Opportunities and challenges for a sustainable energy future.nature,488(7411), pp.294-303. Costa, D.L. and Kahn, M.E., 2013. Energy conservation nudges and environmentalist ideology: Evidence from a randomized residential electricity field experiment.Journal of the European Economic Association,11(3), pp.680-702. Dez Rodrguez, J.J., Oliver, C., Vicente, L. and Ahumada Cervantes, B., 2015. Addressing strategic environmental assessment of Mexico's transition towards renewable energy. InAEIPRO 2015: International Congress on Project Engineering(pp. 1121-1132). Ghaffour, N., Lattemann, S., Missimer, T., Ng, K.C., Sinha, S. and Amy, G., 2014. Renewable energy-driven innovative energy-efficient desalination technologies.Applied Energy,136, pp.1155-1165. Hadar, R. and Davis, S.D., Tigo Energy, Inc., 2014.Method and system to provide a distributed local energy production system with high-voltage DC bus. U.S. Patent 8,751,053. Hannon, B., 2013. Energy and materials conservation: applying pioneering research and techniques to current non-energy materials conservation issues.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences,371(1986), p.20120005. Hargreaves, T., Hielscher, S., Seyfang, G. and Smith, A., 2013. Grassroots innovations in community energy: The role of intermediaries in niche development.Global Environmental Change,23(5), pp.868-880. Kopanos, G.M., Georgiadis, M.C. and Pistikopoulos, E.N., 2013. Energy production planning of a network of micro combined heat and power generators.Applied Energy,102, pp.1522-1534. Richter, M., 2013. Business model innovation for sustainable energy: German utilities and renewable energy.Energy Policy,62, pp.1226-1237. Salim, R.A., Hassan, K. and Shafiei, S., 2014. Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption and economic activities: Further evidence from OECD countries.Energy Economics,44, pp.350-360. Twidell, J. and Weir, T., 2015.Renewable energy resources. Routledge. Wolsink, M., 2012. The research agenda on social acceptance of distributed generation in smart grids: Renewable as common pool resources.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,16(1), pp.822-835.

Sample Essay About Online Shopping

Sample Essay About Online ShoppingSample Essay About Online Shopping offers some general information about shopping and online shopping. This article aims to introduce those facts in a better manner. A sample essay about online shopping may also be used for the purposes of meeting a certain requirement.The basic facts about online shopping are as follows. If you visit a shopping site, you will be required to put up your personal details like name, email address and so on. If you wish to shop online, the site that you visit will ask you to put up the details like your name, email address, home address and so on.For this, the site will require you to provide certain quotes. You will be asked to give a quote if you have a budget and you have an amount to spend for purchasing the product. Once you have purchased the product, you can receive information about the product such as specifications, features, description and so on. In the most cases, the quote will be converted into cash.The p ayment details will be noted on the receipt that you are required to present while making your purchase. Online shopping sites will need your credit card details along with your name and your email address to process your payment. Once the payment is made, you will be required to enter your email address so that you will be able to receive the delivery information for the product.The site will inform you about the delivery date of the product and will also tell you how much it would cost you. It is not necessary that you pay the total amount if you can receive the product in less than three days.Online shopping requires some formalities. To acquire the product, you must login to the website to complete the payment procedure. If you have any problems while doing so, you can take the help of the internet.Online shopping is the newest mode of shopping. It is available at online portals as well as the store's online. This fact has introduced a new approach in the field of shopping, whic h has turned out to be a remarkable revolution in the world of retailing.

Higher Education and Student Preparation

Decision-Making Model Analysis essays

Decision-Making Model Analysis essays There are many decisions that people make in life; however, the effort that goes into the decision shows the quality. So how does one make sound choices and good decisions, and what tools are available to aid in the decision making process? In the following are some decision-making models such as rational, political, process, garbage can, and the seven-step process. Provided is an example on how these tools when applied within my work organization enable good sound decisions. One methods of critical thinking is the Rational. This process uses a logical, chronological methodology, based off pre set goals and objectives and finding numerous solutions, choosing the one that best fits the objectives. This is a very simple model; however, it assumes that there will be no biases. A second method is Political, which is more common in business situations. In this method, the decision maker may have multiple people working on a project. Each player may have a different agenda or solution and all will pitch their idea to the decision maker. The decision makers will chose the solution he feels would correct the problem. This method commonly has less conflict because players usually follow the decisions once a leader makes a decision. Another method is Process, which is similar to the Political process except that there are more guidelines and a standard to enforce an outcome defined by predetermined guidelines. The Garbage Can method is more realistic within the business world as it is a judgment method. This model is not well defined, team players may change, and problems, solutions and decision makers may not necessarily relate to each other. Finally, there is the seven-step path, which will be covered in more depth and used in a situation within my work environment. The seven-step process consists of the following: stop and think, clarify goals, determine facts, develop options, consider consequences, choose, and monitor and modify. ...

Research Paper - AJP Taylor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Research Paper - AJP Taylor - Essay Example It will also try to analyze briefly his career as a lecturer, historian, and columnist. c. Works of Taylor- This paragraph looks into the major historical contributions of Taylor Which starts from The Italian Problems in European Diplomacy 1847-49 and goes through some controversial works like The Troublemakers and The Origins of Second World War. I do not try to mention all the works of Taylor because it will consume so many pages, only some of the works will be mentioned. d. Taylor’s TV Career – This paragraph will try to analyze Taylor as famous figure in television and radio. The analysis starts from his beginning on the BBC show, The News. His career as a TV person will be analyzed because it added much to his fame, and on many occasions it made him a controversial figure. This paragraph will analyze what was Taylor’s approach to history. This is very important in the sense that this approach has distinguished Taylor from other historians. It will look into his believes, or rather prejudices about history and history makers. His way of popularizing history, looking at history from strange angles and his observation of great personalities also is included. b. Origins of Second World War- This paragraph will discuss his most controversial work, The Origins of Second World War. What was Taylor’s controversial argument in the book and how he tried to ‘white wash’ Hitler. d. Taylor as a controversial figure – This paragraph tries to look into the controversies (both private and public) that he created throughout his life. It starts with his three marriages. It discusses various contradictions that he made during his public life. His unholy and sycophantic relation with Lord Beaverbrook and his selfishness of befriending politicians will also be analyzed. His changing attitudes towards communism will be brought towards the end of the paragraph. This chapter is the real flesh of the research paper.

The Relationship Between Lobbying, Businesses And Political Decisions Essay

The Relationship Between Lobbying, Businesses And Political Decisions - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that lobbying is the process of trying to influence the decisions made by an administration, for example, the government especially the members of legislative assemblies of regulatory agencies. Economic lobbyists represent, educate and advocate on the behalf of their business clients’ interests. Politics and economics affect each other in complex sometimes inexplicable ways. The aim is to make the people in the administrative capacity to look favorably on the side of the business. Politics and economics are tied together with some scholars even arguing that politics is merely an extension of economics. Political economists strongly speak out on the proactive position of governments in economic policy and for their ability to regulate the business cycle. Regulation of the business cycle involves putting in place fiscal and monetary measures in order to mitigate or avoid adverse effects of economic depressions and recessions. These mea sures also pertain to economic policies such as taxation, economic barriers, price fixation et cetera. The aim of the economic lobbyists is to make sure that the policies the government makes favor them and provide a conducive business environment for the success of their businesses. The lobbying involves delivery of data or opinions to a government decision maker at local or national level. They do this by presenting the interest of their company or client in the context of public interests.

Customer Service Quality To Gain Customer Satisfaction Tourism Essay

Customer Service Quality To Gain Customer Satisfaction Tourism Essay This study investigated the customer service quality to gain customer satisfaction of Travelodge Covent Garden. As per I know, this is the first student research based on customer service quality to gain customer satisfaction at the Travelodge London in Covent Garden. This study was to examine customer service quality of hotel, Impact of customer service quality to gain customer satisfaction, Importance of customer service policy and importance of employee training to improve customer service quality. A questionnaire was circulated in electronic form to 250 customers those who stayed at Travelodge Covent Garden hotel from April to September 2010.Only one fifth (#50) of the total customers were the actual respondents .09 employee of Travelodge Convent Garden were involved in this research. That means 59 completed questionnaires were collected. The respondent customers of Travelodge Covent Garden London, provided information of their visit, customer service quality, degree of customer satisfaction, worst thing that can not satisfy customer, why they choose this hotel and their opinion about the employee of this hotel. The respondent employees provided information how they improve their customer service quality and how they motivated their customer to come to this hotel. The picture of this study was not straight- forward; some differences which were quite different than common supposition were come out. The study found that customers were expected to get high quality of customer service provided by hotel staff. From this study it could be said that that customer service quality of this hotel is good but their room service quality fail to get customer satisfaction. Based on these findings, some recommendation had been pinched. It was recommended if business want to get competitive in todays global market they should concern about their customer service policy by providing training to their employees, as research shows that only trained employee can provide better service to their guests. Customer service manager should concern that their customer will get better customer service and at the same time standard room. 1.0- Introduction: The main aim of this study is to report the impact of customer service quality to gain customer satisfaction of Travelodge Covent Garden. With so much competition in todays global economy, customer service is necessary for any business. In todays increasingly competitive hospitality sector, every organization marketing strategies and tactics is to make profit and contribute to the growth of organization. Customer service quality is a comprehensive issue that effects all organization. Does not matter how big or small the organization is or what is their interest. Todays business world, not necessarily hospitality organization, all organization are interested in evaluating and implementing marketing strategies that aim to improve customer service quality to gain customer satisfaction which will help them to be differentiate from other. Customer service is a kind of service which involves a series of work designed to get customer satisfaction. It is one of the most important elements of the marketing mix for products and services. To stay in the competitive market organizations have to consider that customers are not only interested for product or service but also have some concern of how they are getting it. Customers are more educated, more aware about their money. Their expectation of the organizations and the people they buy from is much higher, they want better customer service. Customer service provides an income for the business, it also provides feedback, which can help the organization to improve service delivery on products, improve customer service bring up to date marketing, Production and transference equipments. In this assignment my problem statement is Does customer service quality play a vital role in order to gain customer satisfaction at Travelodge Covent Garden, London? Quality service is the key to a successful hotel business. When customers get better services from a hotel they become satisfied and want to come back at the same hotel when they needed. A satisfied customer will often be a repeat customer. Also that customer may tell other people and referred them in the same hotel where they get great service, which is one of the cheapest effective advertising for that particular hotel. Travelodge Covent Garden is one of the greatest budget hotel situated in the heart of London. With Travelodge, consumers can expect an easy, calm, stress-free experience and reliable standards of quality and service. Travelodge provides them the best budget hotel which has the spatiality of good customer service and room quality. 1.2- Research question: This study is set up to answer the following research questions: 1. What is the definition of customer service? 2. Discuss the importance of having great customer service in hotel. 3. What are the most important principles of great customer service? 4. How to improve customer service in hotel? 5. How customer service builds loyalty and profit? 6. Why hospitality organization such as Travelodge Convent Garden should assess the success of their customer service policy and how this organization can use this to improve the provision of staff training and development. 7. What are the disadvantages of negative customer service? 1.3- Significance: 1. Customer service is a service which principally helps an industry to keep a deep understanding with customers and manage their customers information to understand what is the need and want of their customers. 2. This project will help an industry to improve their customer service. Customer service can make or break a business. 3. This proposed study has also vital significance for evolution of theories of customer service which would help hotel organizations to adopt effective marketing strategy. 4. This research is beneficial to get some reason of having a good customer service policy in business. 5. This research has managerial implication, as managers can get advantage and have better understanding of their customers. 6. It provides that high quality of customer service create loyal customers which are beneficial for the future of hotel. 7. Apart from the above mentioned significance, this research will give me a chance to explore my ideas and views, as a post graduate diploma in hospitality and tourism student which will help me to gain knowledge for my future profession. 1.4- Research Objectives/Goals/Aims: The objectives of this study are to examine customer service management as a competitive advantage for hotel business. The research aim and objectives explored in this study are: 1. To help the hotel to enhance their competition. 2. To review literature on customer service and its effectiveness. 3. To get loyal customers and to build good reputation and image of hotel. 4. To evaluate competitive advantage of Customer service. Customer service is as important as product quality of hotel. 5. To examine whether hotel business adopts customer service management as a tool to keep customer longer to increase revenue. 1.5 Ethical implications: Ethical insinuation in a research is principally to carry out the research in a moral and responsible way. As a researcher I must discover a reasonable way of what methodological theory recommends and what is ethical possible from practical viewpoint. As a researcher it was always attempted to continuance objectivity by making sure all data were collected accurately fully. Some ethical issues I took into consideration are: a. Ethical treatment of participants: I designed my survey questionnaire in such a method that respondents do not suffer discomfort, awkwardness or loss of privacy. In order to protect the respondents I clarified the respondents about the benefits of this research and the participants rights and protection. b. Anonymity and Confidentiality: I offered complete anonymity and privacy to all participants in my research. During the time of my survey questionnaire I never asked name, address or any personal information which might recognize the specific person. All data which I collect kept confidential and used for only research purpose. 1.6 Hypothesis: Good customer service can help this particular hotel to beat the competitors between the hotels. In todays world market it is as important as product quality of hotel. It can make or can break. By providing great customer service quality a particular hotel can get repeat customer or loyal customer which is helpful to save money that might be spent on advertising. Repeat business and word of mouth advertising are the best ways of maintaining a healthy business. 2.0 Literature review: Reviewing literature is essential for assignment. It can critically form the foundation on which research is built. According to Jankowicz (cited in Saunders, M.et al.2007) literature review is a review which is written for project report should therefore be a narrative and critical analysis what other authors have written. This literature review will introduce the concepts of customer service, importance of customer service, and development of customer service which can help a hotel organization to gain customer satisfaction and to be profitable in competitive hotel business. 2.1Definition of-customer service: Many researchers have difined customer service quality in different ways. Customer service is the stipulation of  service  to  customers before, during and after a purchase. According to Jamier, L. Scott. (2002),  Customer service is a progression of actions designed to enhance the level of customer satisfaction that is, the feeling that a product or service has met the customer expectation. The book  Rules to Break and Laws to Follow is written by Don Peppers and Martha Rogers, Ph.D. in 2008.In this book they write that customer never forget the services that they get from an organization. Sometime their trust can be destroyed when they do not get proper service quality or it can be destabilized one day at a time, with a thousand small demonstrations of incompetence. In todays hyper-competitive business environment, Customer service quality is a significant factor that helps in differentiating service products. According to various literatures, satisfaction of customer is obtained with the escape of high quality service and products. Now consumer are more educated, better informed, more value conscious and demand more for their money. Their expectations of the companies and the people they buy from are much higher. In short, they want better customer service. 2.2 Importance of Customer Service quality: Marquardt (1989) points out that Customer service quality improvement becomes the most valuable fact in the service industry .This service quality can improve productivity, decrease the cost, build customer satisfaction and increase profit for organization. This is one of the greatest keys for the success of a business. It can literally make or break business. In business, if anyone wants to generate profits by selling their products and services to people who need and want to buy. Customers want to know how the organisation or hotel industry can make their lives better or easier or how the organisation can relieve them of their pain. Customer service is the most important function in todays hospitality industry. Many researchers(Olsen2002;kang,Nobuyuki and Herbert,2004;soderlund and Ohman,2005) stated that good customer service quality have been correlated to customer behavioural intentions like purchase and loyalty intention, willingness to spread word of mouth. Those customers who experience good customer service from a hotel are likely to return to this hotel and even spend more money at other attractions in the area. Jones and Farquhar (2003) told that good customer service quality make an impact to gain loyal customer. Bolton (1998) pointed out; service quality manipulates customers consequent behaviour, intentions and preferences. When a customer chooses a contributor that provides service quality that meets or exceeds his or her expectations, he or she is more likely to choose the same provider again. Besides, Cronin and Taylor (1994) also found that service quality has a significant effect on repurchase intentions. Good customer service helps to increase business. People or customers who leave the hotel which provide them good customer service are likely to tell their  friends  about the good time they have and also tell their friends and family what type of services they have got. In return, their friends and family will also come to the same hotel, building a growing customer base. Thats why its essential to be consistent in providing excellent customer service, quality food and an inviting or friendly atmosphere. 2.3 Importance of customer service policy: Having customer service policy is important for any hospitality and tourism business. It is a structure that describes the companys doctrine of doing business. Many researchers are pointed out some reason of having good customer service policy: 1. Good customer service policy helps to increase the brand name of a hotel. It pushes the brands name of any companys into customer mind. It shows a very positive attitude of customers towards the hotel or company. 2. This policy helps company to get more profit continuously which help to amplify revenue. 3. It helps to adjust and acclimatize employees principles and approach in accordance to company service policies. 4. Good customer service policy can feel up whatever consumer want, so consumers spend more for getting these services. 5. It helps to get good competitive advantage which is helpful to maintain companys position up to date and marketable. 6. Repetition of customer is achieved by a good customer service policy.Customer service policy is a fundamental factor which must be maintained a very standard level especially in hospitality sector in order to achieve target market. Advertising is essential in growing and maintaining a profitable hotel business. Good customer service helps to increasing advertisement for a hotel. Guests expect high-quality service. Lunchars (1996) said: the results of a 1990 survey of conference participants revealed that eight of the top ten factors rated most important for guest satisfaction were related to service quality rather than to the quality of facilities. While the leisure and business markets will undoubtedly have different specific demands for facilities, fulfilling guest expectations for quality service will be necessary for success across all market segments. On the other hand Poor customer service can wreck the reputation of a hotel, restaurant. People will talk over the Internet or by word of mouth and after getting poor service people will not visit this hotel. Customers are not only external but also internal as well. Some researchers noticed that a person who has experienced poor customer service from a restaurant will most likely share their bad experience with an average of 10 other people. Those 10 people are extremely like to pass it on again, and after that a huge wave of negative publicity has grown. It is revealed that 80% of all hotel complaints are related to poor service not for poor products and quarter of those surveyed pointed out they would not ever return to this hotel where they received poor service. These following policy are essential to provide good customer service quality in hotel: 1. A general early check in or late checkout process is maintained. 2. Customer can cancel or adjust their reservation if required. Any cancellation can be done in respect to the type of reservation made. 3. Special needs can be made in request area when customer information is confirmed as a part of online reservation process. By following these basic rules in maintaining good customer service, company build a relationship with their guests, a relationship that helps their business grow and prosper. 2.4 Conclusion of literature review: Although many researchers have been done so far on common information of customer service and many theories have been described by researchers but only a few studies have been provided on explaining the effect of customer service in particular hotel. To make a better position in hotel business, increasing profit and getting a brand name at Travelodge London in Covent Garden it is needed to be researched or studied further on various aspects. There is no complete research have been done till now specially impacts of customer service in Travelodge hotel. A fastest budget hotel like Travelodge in Covent Garden in London is situated in tourist attracted place. Many types of tourist come here and enjoy holiday. So it can be said that this area could be the best place to carry out this research. 3.0. Research Methodology: According to Kumar, R. (2005) research methodology is one technique of finding answer to such questions. There are two major types of data collection methods for this analysis: Secondary data collection methods and primary data collection methods. Both data collection methodologies have been used in this research. 3.1 Secondary data collection: Secondary data are those types of data which are existed and has already been examined by an academic. Saunders, M.et al. (2007) said that literature sources are divided in to three categories: primary like email, report etc; secondary like newspapers, books, journal etc and tertiary are those like encyclopaedia, index etc. In this research all data were collected through the library of London Victoria College, British library, Internet search engines, commercial bibliographic database and dictionaries. 3.2 Primary data collection: It is raw data. This data may be collected by survey based on questionnaire or interviews. Survey based questionnaire provide quantitative data; on the other hand interviews provide qualitative data. Guba Linchon (1994) said, Both qualitative and quantitative method may be used appropriately with any research paradigm (cited in Saunders, M. et al.2007,pp.100). Both two types of data collection method were used in this research. 3.2.1 Questionnaire Survey: A self-administered internet arbitrated questionnaire was planned to collect raw data. A semi-structured questionnaire has been prepared and given to about 250 customers whose had stayed Travelodge Covent Garden hotel at least one night in the previous six months. I am contacted those customer by e-mail as my friend who is the customer complaint manager in this hotel. After explaining him that I am doing this research for my study and it is not harmful for the organisation rather than from this research, organization can be benefited. Then he helps me to get those customer mail address.Questionnaire question was closed format questions as respondent (customer) can quickly and easily answer the questions. The questionnaire consisted two sections: First section was designed to explore the demographic data of respondent like age, gender; status (tourist or local consumer) etc .Second section of questionnaire identified the impact of customer service quality to gain customer satisfaction . This questionnaire took 5-10 minutes to fill up. Different methods were used for every part of the questionnaire. For example, the questionnaire asked consumer to signify the quality of customer service in this hotel, using Liker rating scale (very good= 4, satisfactory= 3, poor= 2, very poor= 1). There were some open ended question are also attached with closed format question like If you have responded others please specify and also give them (respondent) an opportunity to express their own idea. 3.2.2 Interview: An interview strategy has been carried out to collect qualitative data which is connected with philosophically phenomenological. According to Kvale, S. (1996) Qualitative Interviews also depend very much on the connection between interviewer and interviewees in developing the open dialogue which can allow a joint construction of considerate in the interview. This technique was applied when the interview was conducted to the H.R manager and Guest complaint manager and some other employee of Travelodge Covent Garden hotel. The interview was conducted through face to face conversation. 3.3 Data Analysis: Data analyses are two types, quantitative and qualitative data analysis. 3.3.1 Quantitative data analysis: Table, graph chart, pie chart has principally used to analyse quantitative data. Quantitative data refers to numerical data which has been given in percentage form for better understanding. Saunders et al. 2007 pointed that Quantitative data is supported on meanings derived from numbers and data collection marks in numerical outcomes and analysis conducted through the use of diagrams and statistics. 3.3.2 Qualitative data analysis: It is a data analysis process which refers to all nonnumeric data that have not been quantified and this process allow us to develop theory from data. Saunders et al. (2007) argued that qualitative data is based on meanings articulated through words and collection results in non-standardized data requiring classification into categories and study conducted through the use of conceptualization. 4. Finding: Questionnaire was given to 250 customers and it was circulated on August to September 2010. 50 of the total respondents were customers and 09 people were employee of Travelodge London Convent Garden. That means 59 completed questionnaires were collected. This Questionnaire was designed to get information from respondents that customer service quality makes an impact and help to gain customer satisfaction in Travelodge Covent Garden, London. In this questionnaire three sections were designed, First section was designed to explore the demographic data, second section of questionnaire identified the information of customers visit and third section designed to identify the impact of customer service quality to gain customer satisfaction. 4.1 Demographic Characteristics: Demographic data which provide respondents age, gender, status etc Table-1 Age of respondents Age(years) Number of respondents Percentage (%) 21-30 21 42 31-40 17 34 41-50 12 24 50+ Total 50 100 This figure shows that biggest numbers of respondents were aged 21-30; the second biggest group of respondents were aged 31-40, that means large numbers of respondents were aged between the ages of 21-40 (Table-1). Figure-1: Gender This figure shows that 30 out of 50, which means 60 percent were male and 20 out of 50 means 40 percent were female. Figure-2: Customer status Figure II, it shows that most of the guest who came in Travelodge London Covent Garden were holiday maker, out of the total 50 respondents 70 percent were holiday maker and the other 30 percent were business customer. 4.2 Information-customers Visit: This section of the questionnaire were designed to get information of customer service quality of Travelodge London in Covent garden and also identify the level of satisfaction of those customers who came in this hotel. Figure 3: Frequency of visit to the Travelodge London Covent Garden. Respondents were asked how many times they were visited in this hotel. This figure shows that 16 percent of customer visited in this hotel very often and 34 percent were visited often, 38 percent sometimes and 12 percent seldom, that means most of the customer came here sometimes and often ( Once in a year and once within six months). Figure-4: Planning to stay at this hotel. Respondent were asked how many time they were stayed in this hotel. This figure showed that the biggest number of customer was stayed here 3-5 days. The second largest number of respondent (24 percent) indicated that they wanted to stay here 2-3 days and 20 percent agreed to stay for a single night. Figure- 5: Main reason to visit in this hotel Figure- 5 showed that 42 percent guest visited here with friends and relatives, 16 percent came here for rest and relaxation, 14 percent came for business reason, 22 percent came for fun , sports and recreation. Only 6% came for attending conference, seminar and other forms of educations. 4.3 Customer service quality in Travelodge Covent Garden: Majority of guest expressed their satisfaction with the overall customer service quality of Travelodge Covent Garden but they were less satisfied with the quality of the room. In Figure- 6, Respondents were asked how the customer service quality of Travelodge Covent Garden London, figure shows that Majority of customer were satisfied about the customer service quality f this hotel. As shown in this figure 46% respondents were satisfied, 14% respondents said that the customer service quality of this hotel was good and 4% said it was very good.24% commented that it was poor and 12% said it was very poor. Adding three points(very good, good and satisfactory) of measuring scale it could be said that 64% commented positive attitude towards the customer service quality of Travelodge Covent Garden and 36 percent showed negative attitude towards the customer service quality of this hotel. As found Figure-7, it was apparent that the staffs in this hotel are friendly towards their guest. Largest number of respondents (52 percent) were agree that their staffs friendliness.22 percent said they were disagree and 12 percent commented that they were strongly disagree. Figure-6: customer service quality which is offered by Travelodge London Covent Garden. Figure-7: Staffs in this hotel is friendly towards the guest. Figure-8: Room quality of Travelodge Covent Garden As per figure-8, it was showed that the guest of Travelodge Covent Garden did not think that room quality of this hotel is satisfactory. Only 4 percent said it was good.42 percent respondents said that it was satisfactory while largest number of guest (38%+16%=54%) said that was unsatisfactorily (poor and very poor) Figure-9 Worst reason that cannot satisfy customer Figure show that most of the customers (70 percent) think that service quality is the main reasons to gain customer satisfaction on the other hand 30 percent think that quality of product is main reason. *Motivate customer to come again and again. This question was asked to customer service manager, guest complaint manager, human resource manager and staffs to know how they are satisfying their customers. First of all they are attracting their customers by their web sites which provide all information about their hotel. They offer lowest price with great customer service quality, clean and comfortable rooms and do everything which is needed for a good nights sleep. Travelodge do things differently to other hotel companies for attracting more customers. *Any plan to improve customer service system and room quality? This question was asked to the customer service manager, human resource manager to know about their customer service improving plan and improving about room quality. They inform that they are trying to overcome this problem. Already their company has taken some plan to develop their room quality and customer service system. They also said that by this time customers complain rates decreased significantly. They consider that customer service quality and room quality are gradually increasing and get customer satisfaction as their customers complaints are decreasing. 5.0 Recommendation and Conclusion: It is recommended that customer service is an important factor for a hotel to gain satisfied customer and this customer will be loyal customer. Business can be gain more profit by this loyal customer and customer service help to make relationship with customer. Training is fundamental for improving customer service. Training process help employee how to check in ,how to check out, how the reservation system work, how the equipment work ,how to provide better service to customer and how to deal customer nicely .Smile and eye contact is essential for good customer service. Employee of Travelodge London in Convent Garden must need to provide their customers requirements. Today customer not only want better product they also want services, If company failed to provide better service to their client. In this case they not only lose their customer who get their service but also lose their other customer because of bad reputation .So that company have to concern that the service provided by them is superior to make their customers to be loyal. The study discovered that company website is an important element to provide better service to their customer. For providing best customer service company should use website. In this website customer can get all kinds of service and idea about this hotel. From this research, It can be said that customer service quality help to get brand name. The study showed that the room service quality of Travelodge Covent Garden failed to satisfy their customers expectation. So it could be suggested that if they want more customer they should concern their room service quality. Frome this study it is finding that customer service quality had effective relationship with customer satisfaction. Customer service quality of hotel had positive relationship with guest but room quality revealed an unsuspected result of a negative relation with consumer. It was discovered that room quality was not good but guests expectation was high. Finally, it could be said that further research is still needed to justify the outcome of this research. The research issue may have been similar but the situation in all the research may be different including this research. Further researchers are welcomed to conduct a similar research as this in the identical content. 6.0 References: 1. Saunders, M. et al (2007)Research methods for Business students.4th edition, Essex, UK: Person Education. 2. Peppers, Don et al (2008)Rules to Break and Laws to Follow Wiley. pp.  24, 164 3. Marquardt, I. A. 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